Kusanthula kwa Mitundu ya Zizindikiro Zoyambira Zokha pa Ma Seti a Jenereta a Dizilo

Pali njira zosiyanasiyana zotengera zizindikiro zotere, zomwe zingatengedwe kuchokera ku mfundo zingapo monga mzere wolowera wamagetsi amphamvu kwambiri PT, voltage yolowera yamagetsi yochepa, ndi mbali ya ATS mains. Malo osiyanasiyana otengera ali ndi makhalidwe awoawo: chizindikiro chomwe chatengedwa ndi mzere wolowera wamagetsi amphamvu kwambiri PT chingawonetse mwachindunji momwe magetsi amagwirira ntchito, zomwe ndizoyenera pazochitika zamagetsi amphamvu kwambiri; chizindikiro chamagetsi cholowera chamagetsi chochepa chingawonetse momwe magetsi amagwirira ntchito otsika, koma chimakhudzidwa mosavuta ndi kukonza kwamagetsi amphamvu komanso zolakwika za transformer; chizindikiro chomwe chatengedwa ndi mbali ya ATS mains chingagwirizane mwachindunji ndi momwe magetsi amagwirira ntchito pa gawo la basi ladzidzidzi, zomwe zikugwirizana kwambiri ndi zosowa zamagetsi a makiyi ndipo ndi njira yabwino kwambiri yotengera zinthu pazochitika zadzidzidzi. Nthawi yomweyo, kuti tipewe kuyambika kolakwika panthawi yosintha mphamvu yamagetsi yamagetsi ambiri, zizindikiro zotere nthawi zambiri zimafunika kukhazikitsidwa ndi kuchedwa kuti zitsimikizire kuti lamulo loyambitsa liyambitsidwa pokhapokha mphamvu yamagetsi itasokonezedwa.

(2) Zizindikiro Zosazolowereka za Mphamvu ya Main Phase

Chizindikiro chotaya mphamvu yamagetsi cha mains chimayang'ana kwambiri pazochitika zamagetsi a mains a magawo atatu. Wowongolera akazindikira kuti magetsi aliwonse a magawo atatu akusowa, nthawi yomweyo amatumiza chizindikiro choyambira. Mphamvu yotaya mphamvu yamagetsi ya magawo atatu imayambitsa kutopa ndi kugwira ntchito molakwika kwa zida za magawo atatu. Chifukwa chake, zizindikiro zotere ndizofunikira kwambiri pazochitika zomwe zimadalira mphamvu yamagetsi ya magawo atatu monga kupanga mafakitale ndi nyumba zazikulu zamalonda, makamaka zoyenera mafakitale opanga zinthu mosalekeza monga makampani opanga mankhwala ndi zitsulo, zomwe zingapewe kutayika kwakukulu monga kusokonekera kwa kupanga ndi kuwonongeka kwa zida zomwe zimachitika chifukwa cha kutayika kwa gawo.

Chizindikiro cha ma main frequency abnormality chimayang'anira ngati ma main frequency akusiyana ndi mtunda wovomerezeka (ma frequency amagetsi aku China ndi 50Hz), ndipo chimayambitsa chipangizocho kuyamba chokha pamene ma frequency ali okwera kwambiri kapena otsika kwambiri. Kusasinthasintha kwa ma frequency kudzakhudza liwiro la zida zamagalimoto, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti ntchito ichepe komanso nthawi yogwirira ntchito yafupikitsidwa. Chifukwa chake, zizindikiro zotere ndizofunikira kwambiri pazochitika zomwe zili ndi zofunikira kwambiri kuti zida zigwire bwino ntchito, monga malo ochitira zinthu molondola, ma laboratories, ndi malo olumikizirana.

II. Zizindikiro Zoyambira Zokha Zowongolera Patali (Zizindikiro Zowongolera Zosinthasintha)

Zizindikiro zoyambira zokha zowongolera kutali ndi malamulo oyambira omwe amatumizidwa kudzera mu dongosolo lowongolera lakunja, lomwe limatha kulamulira chipangizocho patali popanda kugwiritsa ntchito pamanja pamalopo. Zimagwira ntchito pazinthu zosayang'aniridwa, kuyang'anira ndi kuwongolera mapaki akuluakulu, kapena zosowa zoyambira mwachangu pazochitika zadzidzidzi, monga malo ofufuzira minda, magulu akuluakulu a data, ndi malo opulumutsira anthu mwadzidzidzi. Ubwino waukulu wa zizindikiro zotere ndi kusinthasintha kwakukulu, komwe kungayambitse kuyambitsa malinga ndi zosowa zenizeni, kuswa malire a malo, ndikuwonjezera magwiridwe antchito a chipangizocho.

Zizindikiro zodziwika bwino zoyendetsera kutali makamaka zimakhala ndi mitundu iwiri: imodzi ndi lamulo loyambira kutali kuchokera ku Building Management System (BMS) ndi malo owunikira, omwe amatumizidwa kwa wowongolera unit kudzera pa kulumikizana kwa waya kapena opanda zingwe kuti akwaniritse kayendetsedwe kapakati ndikuwongolera mayunitsi angapo. Mwachitsanzo, mapaki akuluakulu amalonda amatha kuwongolera mofanana kuyimitsidwa kwa ma jenereta ambiri a dizilo kudzera pamalo owunikira kuti agwirizane ndi zosowa zamagetsi m'malo osiyanasiyana; ina ndi chizindikiro choyambitsa mabatani adzidzidzi, chomwe nthawi zambiri chimayikidwa pamalo ofunikira pamalopo. Pakachitika ngozi (monga kusokonekera kwa magetsi mwadzidzidzi ndi kulephera kwa makina owongolera kutali), ogwira ntchito amatha kutumiza mwachindunji lamulo loyambitsa podina batani ladzidzidzi kuti atsimikizire kuti chipangizocho chikuyankha mwachangu.

Tiyenera kudziwa kuti zizindikiro zowongolera kutali ziyenera kuonetsetsa kuti kulumikizana kuli kokhazikika kuti kupewe kulephera kwa kutumiza zizindikiro chifukwa cha kusokonekera kwa kulumikizana. Nthawi yomweyo, ndikofunikira kuyang'ana polarity ya chizindikiro ndi makonda a malo olowera kuti mupewe kuyambitsa zabodza kapena kulephera kuyambitsa chizindikiro. Kuphatikiza apo, zizindikiro zina zowongolera kutali zitha kuphatikizidwa ndi makina olumikizira mwadzidzidzi, monga makina ochenjeza moto. Moto ukayambitsa kusokonekera kwa magetsi, chizindikiro chakutali chingayambitse chipangizocho kuti chiyambe chokha, kupereka chithandizo chamagetsi pazida zozimitsira moto ndi magetsi adzidzidzi.

III. Zizindikiro Zoyambira Zokha Zoyeserera (Zizindikiro Zotsimikizira Kukonza)

Zizindikiro zoyeserera zokha zoyeserera nthawi ndi zizindikiro zomwe zimayambitsa chipangizocho kuti chiyambe chokha nthawi ndi nthawi kudzera mu dongosolo loyang'anira kuti chichite mayeso osayika katundu kapena omwe ali pamakina kuti zitsimikizire kuti chipangizocho chili bwino. Zimagwira ntchito pa ma jenereta onse a dizilo omwe amafunikira nthawi yayitali yoyimirira, makamaka yoyenera pazochitika zadzidzidzi monga zipatala, malo osungira deta, ndi malo ozimitsa moto, zomwe zingapewe mavuto monga kuyambitsa kovuta komanso kukalamba kwa zigawo chifukwa cha kusagwira ntchito kwa chipangizocho kwa nthawi yayitali.

Ntchito yaikulu ya zizindikiro zotere ndi kuzindikira nthawi zonse momwe chipangizocho chikugwirira ntchito, mtundu wa magetsi omwe apangidwa komanso momwe zinthu zosiyanasiyana zimagwirira ntchito, kupeza zolakwika zomwe zingachitike pakapita nthawi ndikuzithetsa, kuti zitsimikizire kuti chipangizocho chiyamba kugwira ntchito bwino pamene chipangizocho chikufunikiradi. Kuzungulira kwa mayeso okonzedwa nthawi yake kumatha kukhazikitsidwa mosinthasintha malinga ndi momwe chipangizocho chikugwiritsidwira ntchito komanso zofunikira pakukonza, nthawi zambiri kamodzi pa sabata, mwezi kapena kotala. Pa nthawi yoyesa, wolamulira adzalemba nthawi yoyambira, liwiro, magetsi, ma frequency ndi zina zomwe chipangizocho chimagwirira ntchito, zomwe ndi zosavuta kuti ogwira ntchito ndi okonza azichita kafukufuku ndi kukonza pambuyo pake.

Ndikofunika kudziwa kuti chizindikiro choyambira chokha cha mayeso oyesedwa nthawi chiyenera kukhazikitsa njira yoyesera yomveka bwino kuti isiyanitse pakati pa mayeso osadzaza ndi mayeso odzaza, kuti isakhudze mphamvu yamagetsi yanthawi zonse panthawi yoyesa; nthawi yomweyo, mayeso akamalizidwa, wowongolera ayenera kutumiza lamulo loyimitsa kuti chipangizocho chibwerere ku mkhalidwe woyimirira. Njira yonseyi sifunikira kulowererapo pamanja, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti chipangizocho chizikonzedwa zokha.

IV. Zizindikiro Zoyambira Zolakwika (Zizindikiro Zotsimikizira Kuchuluka kwa Mphamvu)

Zizindikiro zoyatsira zokha zolumikizira zolakwika ndi zizindikiro zoyambira zomwe zimayambitsidwa kutengera momwe chipangizocho chilili kapena zida zogwirizana nazo. Zimagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka pazochitika zamagetsi zambirimbiri. Pamene chipangizo chachikulu sichikugwira ntchito bwino, chipangizo choyimirira chimayamba kugwira ntchito polandira chizindikiro cha zolakwika, kuonetsetsa kuti magetsi akupitilizabe. Zimagwira ntchito pazochitika zomwe zimafunikira kwambiri kuti magetsi azigwira ntchito modalirika, monga malo akuluakulu osungira deta, malo opangira magetsi a nyukiliya, ndi malo osamalira odwala kwambiri.

Njira yoyambira zizindikiro zotere imagwirizana kwambiri ndi njira yowunikira zolakwika za chipangizocho. Chipinda chachikulu chikakhala ndi zolakwika monga mafuta osakwanira, kuthamanga kwa mafuta kochepa kwambiri, kutentha kwambiri kwa madzi, komanso kulephera kuyambitsa, makina owunikira zolakwika nthawi yomweyo amatumiza chizindikiro cha zolakwika kwa woyang'anira chipangizo choyimirira kuti ayambitse kuyambitsa chokha kwa chipangizo choyimirira. Mwachitsanzo, chipangizo chachikulu chikalephera kuyamba chifukwa cha kutsekeka kwa mapaipi amafuta, chipangizo choyimirira chimayamba mkati mwa masekondi angapo mutalandira chizindikiro cha zolakwika kuti mupewe kusokonezeka kwa magetsi; kuphatikiza apo, makina ena alinso ndi ntchito yoyambitsa pambuyo pobwezeretsa zolakwika. Vuto la chipangizo chachikulu likachotsedwa ndikubwezeretsanso, limatha kuyambitsa zokha ndikubwerera ku mkhalidwe woyimirira.

Zizindikiro zolumikizira zolakwika ziyenera kukhala ndi liwiro lamphamvu komanso kudalirika. Nthawi yomweyo, ntchito yotseka zolakwika iyenera kukhazikitsidwa kuti ipewe kuyambitsanso mobwerezabwereza kwa chipangizocho pamene cholakwikacho sichinachotsedwe, kuti zipewe kuwonongeka kwina kwa zidazo. Pakugwira ntchito ndi kukonza, ndikofunikira kuyang'ana nthawi zonse momwe makina owunikira zolakwika amagwirira ntchito kuti atsimikizire kuti chizindikirocho chikhoza kutumizidwa molondola komanso panthawi yake.

V. Kuyerekeza kwa Ntchito ndi Zosamala za Zizindikiro Zosiyanasiyana Zoyambira Mwachangu

(1) Kuyerekeza kwa Ntchito

Mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya zizindikiro zoyambira zokha ndizoyenera zochitika ndi zosowa zosiyanasiyana, ndipo makhalidwe awo akuluakulu ndi kukula kwa ntchito zimayerekezeredwa bwino: zizindikiro zosazolowereka za mphamvu ya mains ndi maziko a kuyambitsa mwadzidzidzi, zoyenera zochitika zonse zoyimirira/zadzidzidzi pomwe mphamvu ya mains ndiye gwero lalikulu lamagetsi, zomwe ndizofunikira kwambiri; zizindikiro zowongolera kutali zimayang'ana kwambiri kulamulira kosinthasintha, koyenera zochitika zoyang'anira zosayang'aniridwa komanso zoyang'aniridwa; zizindikiro zoyesera nthawi zimayang'ana kwambiri chitsimikizo chokonza, zomwe ndi zizindikiro zofunika pazigawo zonse zoyimirira nthawi yayitali; zizindikiro zolumikizira zolakwika zimayang'ana kwambiri chitsimikizo cha redundancy, choyenera zochitika zoperekera mphamvu zodalirika kwambiri. Mu ntchito zothandiza, zizindikiro zingapo nthawi zambiri zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pamodzi kuti apange dongosolo lathunthu la chitsimikizo choyambira. Mwachitsanzo, malo osungira deta amatha kukhazikitsa zizindikiro zotayika za mphamvu ya mains, zizindikiro zowongolera kutali, zizindikiro zoyesera nthawi ndi zizindikiro zolumikizira zolakwika nthawi imodzi kuti zitsimikizire kuti chipangizocho chikhoza kuyamba modalirika mulimonsemo.

(2) Malangizo Ofunika Kwambiri Opewera Kuopsa

1. Kukonza Kutenga Chizindikiro ndi Kuchedwa: Kusankha malo otengera chizindikiro kuyenera kuphatikizidwa ndi momwe magetsi amagwirira ntchito, ndipo malo omwe angawonetse mwachindunji momwe magetsi amagwirira ntchito (monga mbali ya mains ya ATS); nthawi yomweyo, ikani kuchedwa koyenera kwa chizindikiro kuti mupewe nthawi yosinthira mphamvu ya mains ya mains ya ma channel ambiri ndikuletsa kuyamba kolakwika.

2. Chitsimikizo Chodalirika cha Chizindikiro: Yang'anani nthawi zonse mizere yotumizira chizindikiro, masensa ndi owongolera kuti muwonetsetse kuti chizindikirocho chikufalikira bwino, ndikupewa kutayika kwa chizindikiro kapena kuyambitsa molakwika komwe kumachitika chifukwa cha mizere yotayirira ndi zolakwika za masensa; pazizindikiro zowongolera kutali, onetsetsani kuti kulumikizana kwa kulumikizana kuli bwino.

3. Kufufuza ndi Kukonza Zolakwika: Pamene chipangizocho chili ndi mavuto monga kulephera kuyambitsa ndi kuyambitsanso mobwerezabwereza, choyamba yang'anani momwe chizindikiro choyambitsa chokha chikuyendera bwino, fufuzani ngati polarity ya chizindikiro, zoikamo zolowera, dera la masensa, ndi zina zotero zili bwino, ndikuthana nazo motsatira khodi ya alamu yolakwika.

4. Kusankha Kosinthidwa ndi Zochitika: Sankhani mtundu woyenera wa chizindikiro malinga ndi zosowa zenizeni za magetsi. Mwachitsanzo, zochitika zokhala ndi zida zolondola ziyenera kuyang'ana kwambiri pakukhazikitsa ma frequency ndi ma voltage abnormality signals, zochitika za multi-unit redundancy ziyenera kukhazikitsa ma signal a fault linkage, ndipo zochitika zosayang'aniridwa ziyenera kulimbitsa ma signal a remote control.

VI. Mapeto

Kusankha ndi kugwiritsa ntchito moyenera zizindikiro zoyambira zokha pa seti ya jenereta ya dizilo kumagwirizana mwachindunji ndi nthawi komanso kudalirika kwa yankho ladzidzidzi la chipangizocho, komanso ndi njira yofunikira kwambiri yotsimikizira kuti magetsi akupitilizabe kugwira ntchito m'njira zosiyanasiyana. Kusakhazikika kwa magetsi a mains, kuwongolera kutali, mayeso oyesedwa nthawi ndi zizindikiro zolumikizira zolakwika zili ndi mawonekedwe awoawo ndipo ndizoyenera pazochitika zosiyanasiyana zogwiritsira ntchito ndi zosowa. Mu ntchito zenizeni, ndikofunikira kuphatikiza makhalidwe a zochitikazo kuti mupange makina oyambira ogwirizana a zizindikiro zambiri, ndikuchita ntchito yabwino pakuyambitsa, kukonza ndi kufufuza zolakwika za zizindikiro.

Ndi chitukuko cha ukadaulo wanzeru wowongolera, kulondola kozindikira ndi liwiro la mayankho a zizindikiro zoyambira zokha zikukula nthawi zonse. Kuphatikiza ndi ntchito yogwirizana ya dongosolo la ATS ndi makina owunikira akutali, ntchito yoyambira yokha ya ma jenereta a dizilo idzakhala yanzeru komanso yodalirika. Kusanthula mozama za makhalidwe a zizindikiro zosiyanasiyana zoyambira zokha komanso luso la malo ogwiritsira ntchito sikungowonjezera magwiridwe antchito ndi kukonza bwino kwa chipangizocho, komanso kupereka chithandizo cholimba cha chitsimikizo cha magetsi m'njira zosiyanasiyana, kupewa kutayika kwachuma ndi zoopsa zachitetezo zomwe zimachitika chifukwa cha kusokonekera kwa magetsi.